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CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus and Weightage 2026

CBSE 12th Maths Syllabus
CBSE 12th Maths Syllabus

The CBSE Class 12 Mathematics board exam is one of the most challenging and scoring subjects in the science stream. It tests students on analytical skills, logical reasoning, application of concepts, and problem-solving.

But before starting preparation, every student should have a clear roadmap, which is only possible when you understand:

  • What topics are there in the syllabus

  • How many questions come from each unit

  • Which units carry the highest marks

  • What type of questions are asked

This is where CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus and Weightage 2026 becomes essential. With this information, you can prioritise high-weightage topics and allocate your time wisely.



Overview of CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2025–26

The CBSE Class 12 Maths syllabus for the academic year 2025–26 includes six main units with theory and internal assessment components. The total marks for the subject are 100, which includes:

  • 80 marks – Written Board Exam

  • 20 marks – Internal Assessment (Assignments / Projects / Periodic Tests) 


The Six Units in Class 12 Maths

Here is the complete unit list for CBSE Class 12 Mathematics:

  1. Relations and Functions

  2. Algebra

  3. Calculus

  4. Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry

  5. Linear Programming

  6. Probability 

Each unit contains key topics that are essential for board exam preparation.



CBSE 12th Maths Syllabus : Unit-wise

Below is a clear breakdown of all the key topics you will cover in each unit of the CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2025–26:

1. Unit 1 – Relations and Functions

This unit introduces the basic framework for relations and functions, along with inverse trigonometric functions:

  • Relations and their types

  • Functions (one-to-one, onto, bijective)

  • Inverse functions and composition

  • Inverse trigonometric functions and their properties


2. Unit 2 – Algebra

In this unit, students study important algebraic structures:

  • Complex numbers and quadratic equations

  • Linear inequalities

  • Permutations and combinations

  • Binomial theorem

  • Sequences and series (including arithmetic and geometric progressions)


3. Unit 3 – Calculus

Calculus is the most important unit, covering differential and integral calculus:

  • Limits and derivatives

  • Continuity and differentiability

  • Applications of derivatives

  • Integrals and their applications

  • Differential equations


4. Unit 4 – Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry

This unit combines vector algebra with 3D geometry:

  • Vector operations (dot product, cross product)

  • Scalar triple product

  • Equation of lines and planes in 3-D space


5. Unit 5 – Linear Programming

Here, students learn how to solve optimisation problems using linear programming:

  • Formulation of linear programming problems

  • Graphical solution method

  • Feasible region and objective function


6. Unit 6 – Probability

Probability is a crucial unit with multiple real-life applications:

  • Random variables

  • Probability distributions

  • Bayes’ theorem

  • Conditional probability



CBSE Class 12 Maths Marking Scheme & Weightage 2026

Understanding where marks come from is key to effective board exam preparation. Below is the official marks distribution based on the latest format for CBSE Class 12 Maths:


Unit-Wise Marks Distribution

Unit

Topic

Marks

Weightage (%)

I

Relations and Functions

8

~10%

II

Algebra

10

~12.5%

III

Calculus

35

~43.75%

IV

Vectors & 3-D Geometry

14

~17.5%

V

Linear Programming

5

~6.25%

VI

Probability

8

~10%


Total (Theory)

80

100%


Internal Assessment

20

—


Grand Total

100

—

Question Paper Structure

For the board exam, the objective is to assess conceptual knowledge, application, and analytical skills. The question paper typically includes:

  • MCQs (Very Short Answers)

  • Short Answer Questions

  • Long Answer Questions

  • Application / Case-Based Questions

The paper is designed to balance objective and subjective assessment.



High-Weightage Topics to Focus On

Not all topics carry equal marks. Based on the syllabus and past year trends, here are the high-impact units you should prioritise:

1. Calculus (35 marks)

This unit accounts for nearly half the overall theory paper. Focus on:

  • Differentiability and its applications

  • Integral applications

  • Differential equations

2. Vectors and 3D Geometry (14 marks)

Important for scoring well in geometry and spatial reasoning.

3. Algebra (10 marks)

Complex numbers and sequence patterns are generally scoring areas.

4. Relations & Functions and Probability (8 marks each)

Although smaller, these units often include scoring quick questions.

Even within these units, focus on topics that are conceptually strong and frequently tested.



How to Use CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus and Weightage 2026 to Plan Preparation

Now that you have the full syllabus and weightage, here’s a study plan strategy:

Early Preparation (Months 1–3)

  • Complete basics from NCERT textbooks.

  • Focus on Algebra and Probability units.

  • Solve example problems and exercises immediately.

Mid Preparation (Months 4–6)

  • Start Calculus — this is the bulk of the paper.

  • Solve past year papers and sample papers.

  • Practice diagrams and 3D geometry problems.

Final Revision (Last 6–8 Weeks)

  • Revise formulas daily.

  • Do mock tests under timed conditions.

  • Focus on weak areas and recurring question types.



Tips to Score High in CBSE Class 12 Maths 2026

Here are some strategic tips that align with the CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus and Weightage 2026:

  • Understand core concepts, don’t memorise without reasoning.

  • Solve NCERT examples before attempting advanced problems.

  • Practice past 8–10 years board papers.

  • Attempt competency-based MCQs to improve application.

  • Keep a notebook of formulas and important results.

  • Discuss difficult problems with peers or teachers early.



FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: What is included in the CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus and Weightage 2026?

A1: It includes six units — Relations & Functions, Algebra, Calculus, Vectors & 3D Geometry, Linear Programming, and Probability — with specific marks allocated to each.


Q2: How many marks does the board exam carry in Class 12 Mathematics 2026?A2: The board exam carries 80 marks, and there are 20 marks for internal assessment, totaling 100 marks.


Q3: Which unit has the highest weightage?

A3: Calculus carries the highest weightage with 35 marks out of 80.


Q4: Does CBSE release official chapter-wise weightage?

A4: CBSE releases unit-wise syllabus; detailed chapter-wise weightage can be estimated from sample papers and past trends. Some educators provide approximate distributions.



Conclusion

Understanding the CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus and Weightage 2026 is your first step toward an effective preparation strategy. This guide breaks down the exam pattern, marks distribution, important topics, and practical tips to help you plan your study sessions smartly.

Mathematics may seem challenging, but with consistent practice, NCERT understanding, and smart revision based on weightage, you can score excellent marks in the board exam.

Start early, focus on high-weightage units like Calculus and Vectors, and work on weaknesses with regular mock tests to achieve your dream result!



Important Links for CBSE Class 12 Maths 2026

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