HSC Biology Question Bank 2026: Official Important Questions for Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Environmental Issues
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Preparing for the HSC Biology Question Bank 2026 requires a strategic focus on the high-weightage units of Ecology and Environment. As the Maharashtra State Board (MSBSHSE) continues to emphasize application-based learning, chapters like "Ecosystems and Energy Flow" and "Biodiversity, Conservation and Environmental Issues" have become pivotal for students aiming for a top-tier score.
In 2026, the demand for medical and environmental professionals is at an all-time high. Understanding these biological principles is not just about passing an exam; it is the foundation for future careers in medicine, pharmacy, and environmental science. This guide provides a comprehensive breakdown of the most repeated questions, official resources, and expert-backed preparation strategies.
Important Questions in HSC Biology Question Bank 2026
The following questions have been curated based on an analysis of the last five years of MSBSHSE board papers and the official SCERT question banks.
Chapter 14: Ecosystems and Energy Flow
This chapter typically carries a weightage of 3 to 4 marks (5 marks with options).
Very Short Answer (1 Mark):
Define 'Climax Community'.
What is the '10% Law of Energy Transfer'?
Define 'Gross Primary Productivity' (GPP).
Short Answer (2-3 Marks):
Distinguish between Stratification and Zonation.
Explain the process of Decomposition in detail (mentioning
Fragmentation, Leaching, Catabolism, Humification, and Mineralization).
Explain why the Pyramid of Energy is always upright.
Long Answer (4 Marks):
Describe the progress of ecological succession on a newly formed volcanic island (Primary Succession).
Explain the Carbon Cycle with a schematic representation.
Chapter 15: Biodiversity, Conservation and Environmental Issues
This is one of the most scoring chapters, often carrying 4 to 6 marks.
Important Repeated Topics:
In-situ vs. Ex-situ Conservation: Differentiate between National Parks/Sanctuaries and Zoo/Botanical Gardens.
The "Evil Quartet": Discuss the four major causes of biodiversity loss (Habitat loss, Over-exploitation, Alien species invasion, and Co-extinctions).
Pollution Control: Describe the working of an Electrostatic Precipitator to control air pollution.
Medical Relevance:
Explain the medicinal importance of Rauwolfia vomitoria and the variation in Reserpine concentration as an example of Genetic Biodiversity.
Discuss the health impacts of Ozone depletion, such as Cataracts and Skin Cancer.
HSC Biology Question Bank 2026: Official Marks Distribution
To rank high in your exams, you must prioritize chapters based on their statutory weightage. The 2026 pattern follows a 70-mark theory and 30-mark practical structure.
Unit Name | Chapter Name | Marks (Without Options) | Marks (With Options) |
Ecology & Environment | Ecosystems and Energy Flow | 3 | 4 |
Ecology & Environment | Biodiversity & Conservation | 3 | 4 |
Physiology | Respiration and Circulation | 7 | 10 |
Genetics | Molecular Basis of Inheritance | 4 | 6 |
Key Concepts and Formula
For the 2026 examination, students should be familiar with the following conceptual frameworks and mathematical models (formulas are not required to be written out, but the names must be known for MCQ and VSA sections):
Species-Area Relationship (Alexander von Humboldt’s observations).
Net Primary Productivity (NPP) Calculation.
Trophic Level Transfer Efficiency.
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) as an indicator of water pollution.
Analysis of Repeated Paper Trends (2020–2025)
By analyzing previous papers, we have identified "Golden Topics" that have a 90% probability of appearing in the HSC Biology Question Bank 2026:
Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming: Often asked as a 3-mark note.
Eutrophication: Commonly tested through flowcharts or short notes.
Sacred Groves: A frequent 2-mark question regarding indigenous conservation methods in Maharashtra (e.g., Satpuda region).
Pro Tip: Always draw well-labeled diagrams for Section D (Long Answers). In Biology, a neat diagram of the "Energy Pyramid" or "Electrostatic Precipitator" can secure you full marks even if the theory is brief.
Official Resources & Direct Links
Download Official Previous Papers: MSBSHSE Question Paper Archive
Access Latest Question Banks: SCERT Maharashtra (MAA)
Check Exam Time Table 2026: HSC Board Official Portal
Conclusion
Success in the 2026 board exams lies in balancing conceptual clarity with rigorous practice. By focusing on the HSC Biology Question Bank 2026, specifically the environmental chapters, you ensure a strong foundation for both your boards and competitive exams like NEET. Start your revision with high-weightage diagrams and the "Evil Quartet" to stay ahead of the curve.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1: Where can I download the official HSC Biology Question Bank 2026?
A1: You can access the official HSC Biology Question Bank 2026 and other subjects' "Prashnapedhi" directly from the SCERT Maharashtra portal (maa.ac.in) or the MSBSHSE official question paper section.
Q2: Is the SCERT Question Bank enough to score 90+ in Biology?
A2: While the question bank is an excellent practice resource, you should treat it as a supplement to the official State Board textbook. Focus on the exercises at the end of each chapter as they are highly relevant.
Q3: How many marks are allotted to the Ecosystems and Biodiversity unit?
A3: This unit usually carries a combined weightage of 10-12 marks with options, making it essential for students looking to boost their overall percentage.
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