Latest Defense Exam Syllabus 2026: Written Test & SSB Pattern

INTRODUCTION

The pursuit of a career in the Indian Armed Forces is not just a job choice; it is a commitment to a way of life defined by discipline, valor, and academic excellence. As we move into 2026, the competition for prestigious academies like NDA (National Defense Academy), CDS (Combined Defense Services), and AFCAT (Air Force Common Admission Test) has reached new heights.

Understanding the Defense Exam Syllabus 2026 is the first step for any aspirant. However, success requires more than just knowing the topics—it requires a deep understanding of the course structures, academic stream requirements, and the multi-dimensional testing patterns that evaluate your mental and physical fortitude.

NDA Exam Syllabus 2026: Course and Stream Overview

The National Defence Academy remains the premier joint-services training institution. The 2026 entry is divided strictly by academic streams, determining which wing of the forces a candidate can join.

1. Academic Stream Eligibility

• Army Wing: Candidates from any stream (Arts, Commerce, or Science) are eligible, provided they have passed 10+2.

• Air Force & Navy Wings: Eligibility is restricted to the Science stream, requiring Physics and Mathematics at the 10+2 level.

2. Written Test Structure

The written examination is conducted by the UPSC and consists of two objective-type papers.

Paper	Subject	Questions	Marks	Duration
Paper I	Mathematics	120	300	2.5 Hours
Paper II	General Ability Test (GAT)	150	600	2.5 Hours

Mathematics Syllabus Details:

Focuses on Class 11 and 12 levels, including Algebra, Trigonometry, Analytical Geometry, Differential & Integral Calculus, Vector Algebra, and Statistics/Probability.

GAT Syllabus Details:

• Part A (English): Grammar, vocabulary, and comprehension (200 marks).

• Part B (General Knowledge): Physics, Chemistry, General Science, Social Studies, Geography, and Current Events (400 marks).

CDS Exam Syllabus 2026: Advanced Course Details

The Combined Defense Services (CDS) exam is for graduates. In 2026, the syllabus remains rigorous, with distinct papers for different training academies.

1. Stream-Specific Requirements

• IMA & OTA: Degree from a recognized university in any stream.

• Indian Naval Academy (INA): Degree in Engineering.

• Air Force Academy (AFA): Degree in Engineering OR a degree in any stream with Physics and Mathematics at the 10+2 level.

2. Written Examination Pattern

For IMA, INA, and AFA, there are three papers. For the Officers' Training Academy (OTA), only the first two are required.

1. English: Tests understanding of English and workmanlike use of words. (100 Marks)

2. General Knowledge: Includes knowledge of current events and matters of everyday observation. (100 Marks)

3. Elementary Mathematics: Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry, Mensuration, and Statistics (Class 10 level). (100 Marks)

If you are from a Non-Science stream, the OTA route is highly recommended as it excludes the Mathematics paper, allowing you to focus entirely on English and GS.

AFCAT 2026: Technical and Non-Technical Streams

The Air Force Common Admission Test (AFCAT) 2026 is the gateway for graduates into the Flying and Ground Duty branches.

Branch and Course Details

• Flying Branch: Requires 50% marks in Math and Physics at 10+2 and a degree in any stream (60% min) or B.E./B.Tech.

• Ground Duty (Technical): Requires an Engineering degree in specific streams (Electronics/Mechanical).

• Ground Duty (Non-Technical): Open to graduates in Commerce (for Accounts), Humanities, or Science (for Admin/Logistics).

AFCAT 2026 Syllabus

The test is a 2-hour online paper consisting of 100 questions (300 marks):

• Verbal Ability: Comprehension, Error Detection, Synonyms/Antonyms.

• Numerical Ability: Decimal Fractions, Profit & Loss, Ratio, Time & Distance.

• Reasoning and Military Aptitude: Spatial Ability, Rotated Blocks, Embedded Figures.

The SSB Interview Process: 5-Day Selection Pattern

Regardless of the written exam, every candidate must clear the Services Selection Board (SSB) interview. In 2026, the focus remains on "Officer Like Qualities" (OLQs).

• Day 1 (Screening): Officer Intelligence Rating (OIR) and Picture Perception & Description Test (PPDT).

• Day 2 (Psychology): TAT, WAT, SRT, and Self-Description.

• Day 3 & 4 (GTO): Group Discussion, Group Planning, Snake Race, and Individual Obstacles.

• Day 5 (Conference): Final result declaration after a board interaction.

Physical Requirements and PET Norms 2026

To sustain the rigorous training at the academies, candidates must meet strict Physical Efficiency Test (PET) standards.

• Running: 2.4 km in 15 minutes.

• Push-ups & Sit-ups: Minimum 20 repetitions each.

• Chin-ups: Minimum 6-8.

• Visual Standards: 6/6 in the better eye and 6/9 in the worse eye (with or without glasses, depending on the branch).

Need a Step-by-Step Preparation Strategy?

Preparing for the 2026 exams requires a structured plan. Check out our detailed guide on Defense Exam Preparation Strategies to stay ahead of the curve.

FAQs: Defense Exam Syllabus 2026

Q1: Is there any change in the Defense Exam Syllabus 2026 for the NDA Mathematics paper?

A1: While the core topics remain based on the NCERT Class 11 and 12 curriculum, the Defense Exam Syllabus 2026 for NDA now emphasizes more application-based questions in Vector Algebra and Probability to align with modern technical requirements.

Q2: Can Arts stream students apply for the Indian Air Force through the Defense Exam Syllabus 2026?

A2: According to the Defense Exam Syllabus 2026, Arts students can apply for the Ground Duty (Non-Technical) branches via AFCAT or the Army wing of the NDA. However, the Flying Branch specifically requires Physics and Math at the 10+2 level.

Q3: What is the marking scheme for the CDS written test in the Defense Exam Syllabus 2026?

A3: In the Defense Exam Syllabus 2026, each of the three papers (English, GK, Math) carries 100 marks. There is a negative marking of 1/3rd for every incorrect answer.

Q4: Does the Defense Exam Syllabus 2026 include a separate paper for Technical entries?

A4: Yes, for the Ground Duty (Technical) branch in AFCAT, the Defense Exam Syllabus 2026 includes the Engineering Knowledge Test (EKT), which tests domain-specific knowledge in Mechanical, Computer Science, or Electrical/Electronics.

Q5: How should I prepare for the General Knowledge section under the Defense Exam Syllabus 2026?

A5: The Defense Exam Syllabus 2026 for GK requires a mix of static knowledge (History, Geography) and current affairs. We recommend following daily news and

focusing on Indian defense developments from 2025-2026.

Stay Updated with the Latest Notifications

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Conclusion

Mastering the Defense Exam Syllabus 2026 is about more than just memorizing facts; it is about developing the mindset of an officer. Whether you are navigating the complex equations of the NDA Math paper or preparing for the psychological challenges of the SSB, consistency is your greatest ally. Focus on your stream-specific strengths, maintain peak physical condition, and keep your general awareness updated.

For more in-depth articles on stream choices, college selections, and competitive exam roadmaps, stay tuned to collegesimplified.in. Your journey to the olive greens starts with the right information today!